Anselm Kiefer was a prominent figure in the Neo-Expressionist movement of the late 20th century. He incorporated unique materials such as straw, ash, clay, lead, and shellac into his works to create a texture that defied tradition. His works often explored themes of German history, mythology, and expressed the ambivalence of his generation toward German …
Edward Burne-Jones was a renowned painter and designer who was born in Birmingham, England on August 28, 1833. He is best known for his association with the Pre-Raphaelite Brotherhood and his romantic paintings that used medieval imagery. Burne-Jones was self-taught as an artist but quickly made a name for himself within the artistic community. The …
William Holman Hunt was a significant English painter and co-founder of the Pre-Raphaelite Brotherhood, noted for his attention to intricate details, vivid hues, and extensive symbolism in his works. Born in London in 1827, he grew up in an affluent family with his father managing a warehouse. He was highly influenced by the writings of …
Albert Pinkham Ryder was an American painter who was born in New Bedford, Massachusetts in 1847. Although he studied briefly at the National Academy of Design, it was his independent style that earned him recognition and admiration among art enthusiasts. Ryder’s visionary paintings were heavily influenced by tonalism, symbolism, and early American modernism. His art …
Nicolas Poussin, born in Les Andelys, Normandy in 1594, was a French painter who founded the French Classical tradition. Poussin spent most of his working life in Rome where he painted religious and mythological subjects for a small group of Italian and French collectors. He studied with Quentin Varin before moving to Paris where he …
Jean-Auguste-Dominique Ingres, a French Neoclassical painter, was born in 1780 in Montauban. At age twelve, he enrolled at the Academy of Toulouse under Joseph Roques, a friend of Jacques-Louis David. Ingres showed early artistic talent and believed that drawing was the “probity of art.” Ingres became recognized as the principal proponent of French Neoclassical painting …
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R.B. Kitaj was an American artist who contributed significantly to Pop art. He attended the Cooper Union in New York City and the Academy of Fine Arts in Vienna, which influenced his creative style. In 1991, Kitaj became the first American to join the Royal Academy since John Singer Sargent. Kitaj’s contribution to contemporary painting …
Cy Twombly (1928-2011) was an American artist known for his unique and expressive style that blended abstract expressionism with graffiti-like scribbles. Influenced by classical myths and poetry, his work reflects a lifelong consideration of the expressive possibilities of mark-making. He belonged to the generation of Robert Rauschenberg and Jasper Johns and is said to have …
Berthe Morisot was a French painter and printmaker born in Bourges, France in 1841. She came from a well-off family and received private art lessons from French painter Joseph Guichard. In 1864, she exhibited her work for the first time at the Salon de Paris. Morisot was one of the “les trois grandes dames” of …
Hieronymous Bosch was a painter from northern Europe during the late Middle Ages. He was born Jheronimus van Aken in ‘s-Hertogenbosch, now known as Bois-le-Duc in northern Brabant. Growing up, Bosch learned the techniques and skills of painting from his father and grandfather. Bosch’s works primarily portrayed human shortcomings, often depicting sin and moral failings …
Alphonse Mucha was a Czech painter, illustrator and graphic artist, who lived during the Art Nouveau period in Paris. His stylized theatrical posters, particularly those of Sarah Bernhardt, are recognized as some of his best works. Moreover, Mucha is credited with helping establish the fundamental principles of the Art Nouveau movement. Although Mucha was initially …
Thomas Cole was a renowned American Romantic landscape painter who founded the Hudson River School. Born in Bolton-le-Moors, England, in 1801, Cole immigrated to the US with his family in 1818. He was known for portraying American landscapes and history in his paintings. Cole’s early works showcased his observation of nature and its beauty. His …
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Wayne Thiebaud (1920 – 2021) was an American painter and printmaker best known for his thickly painted still lifes of ordinary objects like food and cosmetics. Born in Mesa, Arizona, Thiebaud began his artistic career as a freelance cartoonist before working various jobs to develop his skills. He became one of the most well-known Pop …
Frederic Edwin Church, born on May 4, 1826 in Hartford, Connecticut, was a prominent American Romantic landscape painter and a central figure in the Hudson River School. He was the only son of a wealthy businessman who wanted him to become a physician or enter business. However, Church pursued his passion for painting and became …
Joan Miró was a painter born in Catalonia who merged abstract art with Surrealist style. His maturity into his signature style occurred as a result of the tension between his artistic impulses and the modern industrial society. He was known for producing over one thousand different lithographic editions, and he formed a close relationship with …
Jean-Auguste-Dominique Ingres was a prominent French painter who lived during the Neoclassical era. Born into an artist family, he displayed remarkable artistic talent from an early age. He trained with renowned painters like Joseph Roques and Jacques-Louis David and established himself as a significant figure in the French art scene of the 19th century. Ingres …
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Wassily Kandinsky, born in Moscow in 1866, was a Russian painter and art theorist. He grew up in Odessa and studied law and economics at the University of Moscow before moving to Munich to pursue his passion for art. Kandinsky is considered one of the pioneers of abstraction in western art. The artist’s unique perspective …
Andrea Mantegna was an Italian Renaissance artist known for his meticulous attention to detail and dedication to classical antiquity. Born in Isola di Carturo in 1431, he studied Roman archaeology and was the son-in-law of Jacopo Bellini. Mantegna experimented with perspective and spatial illusion in his work, influencing other notable artists of the time, including …
Marc Chagall (1887-1985) was a Belorussian-born French artist known for his poetic, dreamlike imagery filled with rich colors. He was the first of nine children born into a modest Jewish family in Vitebsk, Belarus. Chagall was associated with several major artistic styles and created works in a wide range of formats. Chagall travelled extensively between …
Jean-Baptiste Camille Corot, born in Paris in 1796, is a renowned French landscape painter who devoted himself to art with financial freedom at the age of 26. He was the son of a cloth merchant and a milliner but chose to pursue his passion for painting. Corot produced over 3,000 works during his lifetime, portraying …
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Piero della Francesca was a renowned Renaissance painter, mathematician, and courtier who lived in Tuscany during the 15th century. He is widely regarded for his use of perspective and geometry in his paintings, which often depict religious themes with serene humanism. Little is known about Piero’s early life, including his apprenticeships or art studies. However, …
Dante Gabriel Rossetti, born in London in 1828, was an English poet, painter, illustrator and translator. He became one of the founders of the Pre-Raphaelite Brotherhood together with William Holman Hunt and John Everett Millais. Rossetti’s work included Sir Hugh the Heron, Poems (1869), Ballads and Sonnets (1882), and Ballads and Narrative Poems. He was …
Caravaggio was a prominent Italian painter born in Milan in 1571. He lost his parents at a young age and grew up under the care of his maternal grandfather. Caravaggio received training in Milan before moving to Rome where he gained recognition for his works. Although Caravaggio was known for creating masterpieces, his personal life …
Giotto di Bondone (1265-1337) was a renowned Italian painter whose innovations in the Renaissance style played a decisive role in the development of Italian painting. He was born in Florence, and during his lifetime, he achieved remarkable fame and prestige by traveling to commissions across Italy, including Rome, Naples, and Assisi. Giotto imbued his figures …
Sandro Botticelli was a highly renowned Italian painter of the early Renaissance-era. He was born in Florence, although his exact date of birth remains unknown. Under the tutelage of Fra Filippo Lippi, Botticelli honed his artistic skills and went on to create many masterpieces that have withstood the test of time. Botticelli was known for …
Lucian Michael Freud, a prominent British painter and portraitist, was born in Berlin in 1922. His artistic talent was inherited from his father Ernst L. Freud, a Jewish architect, and his grandfather Sigmund Freud. Lucian specialized in figurative art that focused on portraiture and painting throughout his career. He developed a highly individualistic painting style …
Honoré Daumier was a French artist born in Marseille in 1808. He started his artistic career as a graphic artist creating illustrations and plates for advertisements. However, he is most known for his satirical cartoons and caricatures that offered commentary on French society and politics from 1830 to 1870. Daumier’s style was unique and original, …
Gian Lorenzo Bernini, born on December 7, 1598, in Naples, Italy, was an esteemed Italian artist and architect from the 17th century. From a young age, he was already considered a prodigy like his father Pietro Bernini – who was also a famed sculptor. Bernini spent most of his adult life in Rome where he …
Gerhard Richter is a prominent German visual artist, born in Dresden in 1932. He has had a prolific career spanning over six decades and is considered one of the most important contemporary German artists. Richter’s work spans different styles from abstract and photorealistic paintings to photographs and glass pieces. Throughout his career, he deliberately avoided …
Pieter Bruegel the Elder was a prominent Dutch painter of the Renaissance era, who is regarded as one of the greatest artists of his time. He came from an influential southern Netherlandish family of artists and chose to focus on landscape and peasant scenes. He broke away from traditional Renaissance art styles by making these …
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Born in New York City in 1894, Norman Rockwell was an American illustrator and painter who left behind a tremendous legacy. He began his artistic career at the age of 17 and subsequently created over 320 covers for The Saturday Evening Post, which were widely celebrated for depicting American culture. Rockwell’s works are notable for …
Fra Angelico, born Guido di Pietro in Vicchio around 1400, was a prominent Italian painter and artist. He combined the religious style of the Middle Ages with the Renaissance’s concern for representing mass, space, and classical literature. Fra Angelico is renowned for his exceptional talent in painting and was considered a master of perspective. Giorgio …
Michelangelo is widely regarded as one of the most brilliant artists of the Italian Renaissance. Born on March 6, 1475, in Caprese, Italy, Michelangelo grew up in Florence during the height of the Renaissance. Sadly, his mother died when he was only six years old. Despite this tragedy, Michelangelo went on to become a prolific …
Philip Guston (1913-1980) was a Canadian American artist who was part of the second generation of Abstract Expressionists. He spent most of his life in the United States, moving from Montreal to Los Angeles in 1919 with his family. Guston was largely self-taught as an artist, and he began painting murals for the Federal Art …
Maurits Cornelis Escher was a Dutch graphic artist who gained widespread popularity for his intricate prints that create surreal optical and conceptual illusions. Born in Leeuwarden, he spent most of his youth in Arnhem before pursuing a career as a printmaker. Escher’s primary work involved woodcuts, lithographs, and mezzotints. Escher incorporated mathematical equations into his …
Jan Vermeer was a Dutch Baroque painter who lived in the ‘Golden Age of Dutch Painting’ during the 17th century. He specialized in domestic interior scenes that depicted middle-class life. Born in Delft in 1632, he spent his entire life there until his death at the age of 43. Vermeer’s father was a silk weaver …
Donatello, born in Florence around 1386, was an Italian Renaissance artist known for his mastery in sculpture using a range of materials such as marble, bronze, wood, stucco, clay and wax. He learned stone carving from one of the sculptors who worked at the Florence Cathedral around 1400. His adaptability and resourcefulness would serve as …
John Singer Sargent, born in Florence to American parents in 1856, was a leading portrait painter of his generation known for his evocations of Edwardian-era luxury. He received his first formal art instruction in Rome in 1868 and went on to create roughly 900 oil paintings and more than 2,000 watercolors, as well as countless …
Raphael was an Italian painter, printmaker, and architect of the High Renaissance. He was born on April 6, 1483, in Urbino, Italy, where his father was a court painter to the Duke. Raphael’s early interest in painting began with his father who taught him the basics of painting. Urbino was a cultured and vibrant town …
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Georges Seurat was a French painter born in Paris in 1859 to a wealthy family. He had older siblings, Émile Augustin and Marie-Berthe. Seurat studied at the École des Beaux-Arts under Henri Lehmann, a disciple of Jean-Auguste-Dominique Ingres. Seurat’s technique was inspired by research in optical and color theory. He is considered the founder of …
Paul Gauguin was a French artist who lived from 1848 to 1903. He was known for his groundbreaking work in painting, printmaking, sculpture, and writing. Gauguin sought to create an expression of spiritual and emotional states through what he called “primitive” art. Along with Vincent van Gogh and Paul Cézanne, Gauguin was a pioneer of …
Francisco Goya was a renowned Spanish artist who was born on March 30, 1746. He began studying painting at the age of 14 under José Luzán y Martinez, further developing his skills and knowledge in art. Goya has influenced many significant painters over the years and is regarded as one of the last Old Masters …
Maurice Prendergast is a name that may not be as well-known as some of his contemporaries, but his impact on the art world is undeniable. Born in St. John’s, Newfoundland in 1858, Prendergast spent much of his life in Boston, Massachusetts and is known for his vibrant and colorful paintings of city scenes, landscapes, and …
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Francisco de Zurbaran was a Spanish artist who worked during the golden age of Spanish painting. He was born in 1598 in Fuentes de Cantos, Spain and lived until 1664. He is known as one of the most influential painters of his time and is celebrated for his skill in adding lifelike detail to scenes …
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Gian Lorenzo Bernini is considered one of the greatest sculptors and architects of the Baroque era. Born in Naples in 1598, Bernini showed an early talent for art and was trained by his father, a sculptor himself. He soon became a sought-after artist in Rome and was commissioned by popes, cardinals, and wealthy patrons to …
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Paul Cezanne is one of the most influential artists of the modern era. His unique style and approach to painting revolutionized the art world and set the stage for many of the great artists that followed him. But who was Paul Cezanne, and how did he become such an important figure in the world of …
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A.Y. Jackson (full name: Andrew Young Jackson) is one of Canada’s most celebrated painters, known for his stunning landscapes and contributions to the Group of Seven. Born in Montreal in 1882, Jackson’s early life and education were marked by a passion for art and a desire to capture the beauty of the Canadian wilderness. After …
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William Blake was an English painter born on 28 November 1757 in London, United Kingdom. Blake exhibited artistic tendencies from a young age and was encouraged by his parents. At ten, he enrolled at the Henry Par drawing academy before apprenticing under engraver James Basire. In 1778, Blake started studying at the Royal Academy but …
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Correggio was an Italian painter born in August 1489 in Correggio, Italy. He received his first artistic education from his father’s brother Lorenzo Allegri, after which he apprenticed in the studio of Francesco Bianchi. Between 1506 and 1514, Correggio took two trips to Mantua, executing commissioned works and winning acclaim. In 1519, Correggio received …
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Tintoretto was an Italian painter born in Venice, Italy, in 1518. Tintoretto’s artistic training began in the studio of Titian, after which he resorted to learning independently. Tintoretto’s style during this period featured loose brushwork and a sketch-like effect. Around 1538, the young Tintoretto opened his workshop and started painting professionally. In the 1540s, Tintoretto’s …
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Sigmar Polke was a German painter, sculptor, and multimedia artist born on 13 February 1941 in Silesia, Poland. Polke enjoyed drawing as a child and often saw the photography works of his grandfather. In 1961, two years after apprenticing at a stained glass factory, Polke enrolled at the Dusseldorf Arts Academy and studied there till …
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Theodore Gericault was a French painter born on 26 September 1791 in Rouen, France. Gericault was the only son of wealthy parents, allowing him to pursue art and study at the best schools. Before studying under Pierre-Narcisse Guérin at the Ecole des Beaux-Arts, Gericault trained under Carle Vernet and Pierre Bouillon. Gericault started gaining recognition …
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Raoul Dufy was a French painter born on 3 June 1877 in Le Havre, France. At eighteen, Dufy enrolled in evening classes at the Ecole des Beaux-Arts, where he studied under Charles Lhuillier. Subsequently, he was awarded a study scholarship at the Ecole Nationale Superieure des Beaux-Arts. A year later, Dufy exhibited at the Exhibition …
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Robert Diebenkorn was an American painter born on 22 April 1922 in Portland, Oregon. Richard’s parents were unsupportive of their son’s interest in art, leaving the young Diebenkorn with only one source of encouragement – his grandmother. A former painter and poet herself, Richard’s grandmother helped his early development by taking him to art galleries …
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Robert Henri was an American painter born 24 June 1865 in Cincinnati, Ohio. After his family moved to Atlantic City to avoid his father’s incarceration, Henri began to build on his artistic talents by enrolling at the Pennsylvania Academy of Fine Arts. Subsequently, he studied at the Academie Julian in Paris and shortly at the …
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Mordecai Ardon was an Israeli painter born on 13 July 1896 in Tuchow, Galicia. After the end of the First World War, Ardon decided to relocate to Paris but only made it to Berlin, where he enrolled at the Weimar Bauhaus and studied under Paul Klee, Johannes Itten, Lyonel Feininger, and Wassily Kandinsky. In 1933, …
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Piero di Cosimo was an Italian painter born on 2 January 1462 in Florence, Italy. Cosimo got his first art instructions as an apprentice in the studio of Cosimo Rosseli. Rosseli involved his apprentice in many of his commissions, completing the painting of the Sistine Chapel together in 1481. In 1482, Piero traveled to Rome …
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Martin Johnson Heade was an American painter born on 11 August 1819 in Lumberville, Pennsylvania. Heade received his first art instructions under Edward Hicks and his cousin Thomas Hicks. At age twenty, Heade began painting professionally and exhibited at the Pennsylvania Academy of Fine Arts and the National Academy of Design. After Heade took a …
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Milton Avery was an American painter born on March 7, 1885, in Sand Bar, New York. Unlike many artists, art was not Avery’s first interest, and he initially worked in construction and mechanics. To make extra income, Avery tried to enroll in a lettering class at the Connecticut League of Art Students. He would eventually …
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Keith Haring was an American muralist and graffiti artist born on 4 May 1958 in Reading, Pennsylvania. Haring’s artistic interest developed early, owing to the influence of watching his father draw comics. After graduating high school, he enrolled at the Ivy School of Professional Art to study commercial art but dropped out after two semesters. …
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Louis Le Nain was one of three French brothers whose paintings dominated the 17th-century art scene. Louis was born in 1603 in Laon, Picardy. All three brothers learned to paint from a painter in their hometown. Louis and his brothers left for Paris in the late 1620s, settled in the Saint-Germain-des-Prés, and worked in …
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M.C. Escher was a Dutch printmaker, lithographer, and illustrator born on 17 June 1898 in Leeuwarden, Netherlands. At age 5, Escher’s family relocated to Arnheim, where he attended school and took drawing classes. Subsequently, he enrolled at the Haarlem School for Architecture and Decorative Arts to study architecture but later switched to decorative arts. In …
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Jean Dubuffet was a French painter born on 31 July 1901 in Le Havre, France. Dubuffet showed rebellious tendencies from a young age, refusing to complete his studies. He continued in the same manner after enrolling at the Academie Julian, dropping out only six months later to take over his father’s business and learn independently. …
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Jean-Francois Millet was a French painter born on October 4, 1814, in Greville-Hague, France. Millet showed a talent for art early and received the support of his family, who sent him to Chernburg to study portraiture in 1833. He temporarily halted his studies after his father’s death two years later, returning to his art studies …
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John Millais was a British painter born on 8 June 1829 in Southampton, United Kingdom. John inherited the passion his father, an amateur painter, had for art and began painting early. At only nine years old, the child prodigy John began studying at Henry Sass’ Academy, subsequently transitioning to the Royal Academy of Arts as …
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George Grosz was a German painter born on 26 July 1893 in Berlin, Germany. He started drawing early, illustrating scenes of soldiers and characters from his favorite books. After his expulsion from high school, Grosz enrolled at the Dresden Academy of Art in 1908 and graduated in 1911. He returned to Berlin afterward and continued …
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Giovanni Bellini was an Italian painter born in 1430 in Venice, Italy. Bellini received his first art lessons from his father – Jacopo Bellini, who was a painter. Giovanni often traveled with his father, and on one of such journeys, he became intrigued with Christianity. Hence, his early work primarily featured religious scenes. Bellini’s work …
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Henry Ossawa Tanner was an American painter born on 21 June 1859 in Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania. Henry became interested in art after seeing an artist painting a landscape while walking with his father. He enrolled at the Pennsylvania Academy of Fine Arts in 1879, becoming its first African-American student. After completing his studies, which included lessons …
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Ernst Ludwig Kirchner was a German painter born on 6 May 1880 in Aschaffenburg, Bavaria. In 1901, Kirchner enrolled at the Dresden Technical High School. His interest in art grew, and he decided to focus primarily on art. In 1905, Kirchner co-founded the Die Brucke artist group with classmates Erich Heckel and Karl Schmidt-Rottluff, intending …
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Francesco Clemente was an Italian painter born on 23 March 1952 in Naples, Italy. Clemente initially studied architecture at the Univerity of Rome, where the artist reports to have suffered an existential crisis in his late teenage years before turning fully to art. In 1971, he held his first exhibition at the Galleria Giulia in …
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Charles Sheeler was an American painter and photographer born on 16 July 1883 in Philadephia, Pennsylvania. Sheeler began his art education at the Pennsylvania Museum School of Industrial Art in 1900, studying industrial drawing and applied arts for three years. Subsequently, he enrolled at the Pennsylvania Academy of Fine Arts, studying under William Merritt …
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Arthur Dove was an American painter born on 2 August 1880 in Canandaigua, New York. Initially, Dove enrolled at Cornell University to study law but took elective art classes. He would eventually become a graphic illustrator with the support of his father. After a few years, Dove abandoned illustration for painting and exhibited at …
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Anselm Keifer is a German painter and installation artist born on 8 March 1945 in Donaueschingen, Baden-Wurttemburg, Germany. Though Keifer was interested in art from a young age, he first studied law and romance languages. However, in the late 1960s, Keifer started focusing on his art and studied under Peter Dreher at the Staatliche Akademie …
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Benjamin West is a renowned artist and esteemed painter hailing from Springfield, Pennsylvania. He was born on October 10, 1738 and is known affectionately as the Father of American Painting, or the Raphael of America. From an early age starting at 13 years old, he began his painting journey in Italy where he studied for …
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Maurice de Vlaminck was a French artist born in Paris on April 4, 1876. He was born into a working class family of musicians, with his father Edmond Julien teaching the violin, and his mother Joséphine Caroline Grillet teaching piano. At the age of three he moved with his family to Le Vesinet, about 10 …
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Paolo Veronese (born Paolo Caliari) was an Italian artist born in 1528 in Verona, Italy. Both of his parents were from humble backgrounds: his father was a stonecutter and his mother was the illegitimate daughter of a nobleman. Gregory Cagliari of Verona accurately judged Paolo’s abilities as an artist and got him private lessons with …
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Robert Henri was an American painter born on 24 June 1865 in Cincinnati, Ohio. After his family moved to Atlantic City to avoid his father’s incarceration, Henri began to build on his artistic talents by enrolling at the Pennsylvania Academy of Fine Arts. Subsequently, he studied at the Academie Julian in Paris and shortly at …
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Grant Wood was an American painter and printmaker associated with the American Regionalism art movement of the 1930s. He gained prominence in the 1930s due to his painting, “American Gothic”, which featured a Midwestern farm couple, and became an iconic representation of Americana. Though largely forgotten after his death in 1942, he has been recently …
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Jean Dubuffet was a French painter born on 31 July 1901 in Le Havre, France. Dubuffet showed rebellious tendencies from a young age, refusing to complete his studies. He continued in the same manner after enrolling at the Academie Julian, dropping out only six months later to take over his father’s business and learn independently. …
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Jean-Francois Millet was a French painter born on October 4, 1814, in Greville-Hague, France. Millet showed a talent for art early and received the support of his family, who sent him to Chernburg to study portraiture in 1833. He temporarily halted his studies after his father’s death two years later, returning to his art studies …
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Raoul Dufy was a French painter born on 3 June 1877 in Le Havre, France. At eighteen, Dufy enrolled in evening classes at the Ecole des Beaux-Arts, where he studied under Charles Lhuillier. Subsequently, he was awarded a study scholarship at the Ecole Nationale Superieure des Beaux-Arts. A year later, Dufy exhibited at the Exhibition …
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Charles Sheeler was an American painter and photographer born on 16 July 1883 in Philadephia, Pennsylvania. Sheeler began his art education at the Pennsylvania Museum School of Industrial Art in 1900, studying industrial drawing and applied arts for three years. Subsequently, he enrolled at the Pennsylvania Academy of Fine Arts, studying under William Merritt Chase …
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Henry Ossawa Tanner was an American painter born on 21 June 1859 in Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania. Henry became interested in art after seeing an artist painting a landscape while walking with his father. He enrolled at the Pennsylvania Academy of Fine Arts in 1879, becoming its first African-American student. After completing his studies, which included lessons …
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William-Adolphe Bouguereau was a French literary painter born in La Rochelle, France, on 30 November 1825. Bouguereau was raised in a strict home as a devout catholic. In 1837, he went to live with his uncle Eugene, a Catholic priest, and this was when he fell in love with religion, art, and literature. William …
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Giorgione was born Giorgio Barbarelli in Castelfranco, on the outskirts of Venice, Italy. Early records of the artist indicate that he moved to Venice and apprenticed with Giovanni Bellini for a while. One of his earliest works is the Castelfranco Madonna, an altarpiece he made for his hometown. Giorgione painted portraits for the Doge …
Ford Madox Brown was a British painter born in Calais, France, on 16 April 1921. Ford studied art in Belgium between 1837 to 1839 and started painting professionally shortly after. Brown’s early works in Paris, like Manfred on the Jungfrau and Parisina’s Sleep, helped him gain traction before returning to London and going on …
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Alfred Sisley was a French painter of British origin born in Paris on 30 October 1839. Alfred’s father, William, was in the silk business and intended for his son to join him. Alfred was sent to London in 1857 to learn commerce but returned to Paris in 1861 to take up painting. Sisley’s …
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Antony Van Dyck was a Flemish painter born on March 22, 1599, in Antwerp, present-day Belgium. Anthony was the seventh child of a silk merchant and an art apprentice at 10. Van Dyck’s remarkable career kicked off when he established his studio in his teen years before he became a master. Van Dyck was …
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Aubrey Beardsley was an English illustrator and author born in Sussex, England, on 21 August 1872. Aubrey was very talented from a young age; he was musically gifted and played at concerts with his sister. Beardsley started to draw in primary school, and his works were published in school magazines. In 1892, he studied at …
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Thomas Eakins was an American painter born on 25 July 1844 in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania. In 1862, Eakins enrolled at the Pennsylvania Academy of Fine Arts, studying drawing and anatomy. He furthered his anatomical studies at Jefferson Medical College before moving to Europe, where he attended the Ecole des Beaux-Arts. In 1870, Eakins returned to Philadelphia, …
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Paul Signac was a French painter born on 11 November 1863 in Paris, France. As a teenager, Signac was drawn to art and encouraged by his parents. Most of his art education came from copying and recreating the works of famous artists and attending exhibitions. Signac started painting professionally at eighteen and exhibited his works …
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Jean-Antoine Watteau was a French painter born on October 10, 1684, in Valenciennes, France. Watteau studied under Jacques-Albert Gerin in Valenciennes before traveling to Paris in 1702 to further his education. Unable to find an art teacher, Watteau initially made copies of the Old Masters’ works for art dealers. Watteau started studying under Claude …
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Georges Rouault was a French painter born on 27 May 1871 in Paris, France. Georges took a love for art from childhood, got his first lesson as an apprentice of a glass painter, and developed himself by drawing antiques and copying works at the Louvre. Afterward, in 1889, Rouault enrolled at the School of Fine …
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Giovanni Piranesi was an Italian Painter born on 4 October 1720 in Venice, Italy. Piranesi received his first art education as an apprentice under his uncle, Matteo Lucchesi, who was an architect. Afterward, Giovanni traveled to Rome and worked as Marco Foscarini’s draftsman. During this period, he studied under Giuseppe Vasi, who taught him the …
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Constantin Brancusi was a Romanian sculptor born on 19 February 1876 in Hobitza, Romania. After leaving his father’s home at eleven, Brancusi moved to Craiova, where he took on several menial jobs to survive. During this period, Brancusi also studied at the School of Arts and Crafts till 1898. Subsequently, he studied sculpture and modeling …
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Fredric Church was an American painter born on 4 May 1826 in Hartford, Connecticut. Frederic was born into a wealthy family. His father encouraged his artistic pursuit by enrolling him under Thomas Cole, a renowned American landscape painter. Church studied under Cole for four years and settled in New York, where he began his professional …
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Andrew Wyeth was an American painter born on 12 July 1917 in Chadds Ford, Pennsylvania. Wyeth’s artistic education came from his father, who was also an artist. At age 16, Wyeth exhibited at the Wilmington Society of the Fine Arts for the first time, grabbing the attention of art dealer Robert Macbeth. In 1937, Macbeth …
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Pierro Della Francesca was an Italian mathematician and painter born in Borgo San Sepolcro, Italy, in 1420. Pierro began an apprenticeship in Antonio d’Anghiari’s workshop early on, executing painting tasks at eleven. In 1438, eighteen-year-old Della Francesca moved to Florence in Italy, associated with the artistic sphere, and earned commissions from wealthy patrons. Della Francesca’s …
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Marsden Hartley was an American Painter born on 4 January 1877 in Lewiston, Maine. Hartley started studying art after moving to Ohio in 1893, taking classes locally, and attending the Cleveland School of Art. Hartley received a five-year study sponsorship in New York, under William Merrit Chase and at the National Academy of Design. He …
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Marcel Duchamp was a French painter born on 28 July 1887 in Normandy, France. Duchamp’s first artistic influence came from his mother, a landscape painter. In 1904, Duchamp moved to Paris to join his brothers and enrolled at the Academie Julian. He worked as a cartoonist to earn a living while experimenting with the methods …
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Joseph Mallord William Turner was a British painter born on 23 April 1775 in Convent Garden, London. Turner enrolled at the Royal Academy of Art in 1789 and became a member the following year. Turner quickly won recognition at the Academy and exhibited his watercolors yearly. He switched to oil painting in 1796, instantly winning …
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August Macke was a German painter born on 3 January 1887 in Meschede, Germany. Macke showed signs of artistic prowess as early as age five, partly influenced by his father, an amateur landscape painter. In 1904, Macke began studying at the Royal Academy of Art in Dusseldorf, abandoning the institution two years later. He started …
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Edward Kienholz was an American installation and assemblage sculptor born in Fairfield, Washington, on 23 October 1927. Edward grew up on a farm where he learned carpentry and metalwork early. Kienholz attended the Eastern Washington College of Education and spent some time at Whitworth College, Spokane. Edward never studied art, and neither did he earn …
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Elizabeth O’Neill Verner was born in Charleston, South Carolina in a family of planters. Growing up, her family had provided a rich environment of culture, travel and learning opportunities. Elizabeth had attended the prestigious Pennsylvania Academy of Fine Arts and returned back to Charleston where she had opened her own studio. In 1930, she traveled …
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Rogier van der Weyden (1399 – 1464) was a Flemish artist and one of the most influential painters of the 15th century. He is remembered as one of the foremost Northern European exponents of altarpieces, portraits, panels, and prints. Trained by Robert Campin, Rogier van der Weyden has greatly contributed to the development of early …
Emil Nolde was a Danish painter born on 7 August 1867 in Nolde, Denmark. After learning furniture design for four years, Emil enrolled at the Karlsruhe School of Applied Arts to study art in 1889. Three years later, he took up the position of art instructor at St. Gallen. Nolde then abandoned his teaching job …
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Francis Bacon was an Irish painter born on 28 October 1909 in Dublin, Ireland. Due to his father’s distaste for homosexuality, Bacon was exiled from his father’s house as a teenager. He spent the next period of his life traveling around Europe, eventually settling in London in the late-1960s. Bacon initially worked with furniture design …
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Georgia O’Keeffe was an American painter born on 15 November 1887 in Wisconsin, USA. Encouraged by her family from an early age, Georgia received watercolor lessons from Sara Mann, a local artist. Between 1905 and 1908, O’Keeffe attended the Art Institute of Chicago and the Art Students League, studying under John Vanderpoel and William Merritt …
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Hans Holbein was a German painter born in Augsburg, Germany, in 1497. Holbein was born into a family with an artistic background, which influenced him to become a painter. In 1515, Holbein moved with his brother to Basel, where they apprenticed with Han Herbster. In addition, he took trips to Italy to study the works …
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Johannes Vermeer was a Dutch painter born in October 1632 in Delft, The Dutch Republic. Born into a lower-class family, Vermeer got early art training in the 1640s as an apprentice of Carel Fabritius, who was the pupil of Rembrandt Rijn. In 1653, Vermeer married a Catholic woman from a well-to-do family, converting to Catholicism …
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John Sloan was an American painter born on 2 August 1871 in Lock Haven, Pennsylvania. Encouraged by his father, an amateur painter, Sloan pursued an art career and left school as a teenager. He practiced etching by copying prints from the bookstore where he worked. Sloan studied at the Spring Garden Institute and the Pennsylvania …
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Max Ernst was a German painter born on 2 April 1891 in Bruhl, Germany. Ernst, being a rebellious young man, abandoned his study of philosophy and picked up painting. He developed his ability by studying and copying the works of famous painters. In 1919, Ernst created collages and recreated manuals and catalogs fantastically. He also …
Paul Klee was a Swiss painter born on 18 December 1879 in Munchenbuchsee, Switzerland. Klee, favoring his interest in drawing and painting over music, decided to pursue an art career. From 1900, he studied in the atelier of Franz Von Stuck in Munich. However, Klee’s involvement with modern art did not begin till 1911 after …
Phillip Guston was an American painter born on 27 June 1913 in Montreal, Canada. As a young boy, Guston occupied himself with comic books and drawing them, prompting his mother to enroll him at the Cleveland School of Cartooning. Subsequently, he attended the Manual Arts High School and Otis Art Institute. After his education, Guston …
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Rene Magritte was a Belgian painter born on 21 November 1898 in Lessines, Belgium. Magritte’s artistic studies began in 1916 at the Academie des Beaux-Arts in Brussels. On his return to Belgium after his military service, he worked as a draftsman under the supervision of Victor Servranckx and started painting freelance the following year. The …
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Salvador Dali was a Spanish painter born on 11 May 1904 in Figueres, Catalonia. Dali studied art as a teenager at the Madrid School of Fine Arts and furthered at the Special Painting, Sculpture, and Engraving School of San Fernando. He experimented with several mediums before eventually associating with the surrealists. In the mid-1930s, Dali …
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Rembrandt van Rijn was a Dutch painter and printmaker, widely considered one of the greatest artists of all time. Rembrandt was born on 15 July 1607 in Leiden, the Dutch Republic. After withdrawing from the university, Rembrandt apprenticed under Jacob Swanenburgh and Pieter Lastman. On his return to Leiden, Rembrandt established his studio and started …
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Thomas Gainsborough was a British painter born on 14 May 1727 in Sudbury, England. As early as 1737, Gainsborough showed an interest in portraiture and landscape painting, a theme he would maintain throughout his art career. In 1740, he began studying under Hubert Francois Gravelot in London and furthered his education at the St Martin’s …
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Alberto Giacometti was a Swiss sculptor and painter born on 10 October 1901 in Stampa, Graubunden. Alberto’s artistic background influenced his development so much that he painted his first at age twelve. Giacometti studied at the Ecole des Arts Industriels under David Estoppey and Maurice Sarkissoff. Giacometti also studied ancient works in Italy before moving …
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Howard Hodgkin was a British painter born on 6 August 1932 in Hammersmith, London. Hodgkin decided to become a painter early on and studied at the Camberwell School of Art, where he created his first work as a teenager. Subsequently, he spent four years at the Bath Academy of Art. After completing his studies, Hodgkin …
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Jean Arp was a French sculptor born on 16 September 1886 in Strasbourg, Alsace. Arp began studying art in Strasbourg and then transferred to Paris to complete his schooling. Afterward, Arp’s ability developed rapidly, and he co-founded the Der Moderne Bund in Switzerland in 1911. Subsequently, Arp moved to Zurich, where he co-founded the Dada …
Jean-Michel Basquiat was an American painter born on 22 December 1960 in Brooklyn, New York. After he dropped out of high school, Basquiat developed his artistic ability solely by visualizing and practicing. He never attended an art school. Basquiat and his friend made graffiti on walls and buildings in downtown Manhattan, which helped him gain …
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Jan Van Eyck was a Dutch painter born in 1390 in Maaseyck, Maastricht. Jan’s older siblings were painters, and he received his first art lessons from his older brother Hubert. His first works were book illustrations that won him recognition from notable persons. In the early-1420s, Van Eyck became the court painter to John of …
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Roy Lichtenstein was an American painter born on 27 October 1923 in New York. Roy was born into a comfortable family, and his parents supported his artistic ambitions. As a teenager, he received art instructions at the Parsons School of Design. Afterward, Lichtenstein attended the Arts Students League and the Ohio State University. Lichtenstein …
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Damien Hirst is a British conceptual artist born on 7 June 1965 in Bristol, England. As a child, Hirst struggled with school but excelled in art, leading to his decision to pursue art at the university. From 1986 to 1989, Damien studied art at Goldsmiths University of London and graduated with a Bachelor’s degree. Hirst’s …
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Edouard Manet was a French painter born on 23 January 1832 in Paris, France. He took drawing classes as a teenager and later took lessons in Thomas Couture’s studio. Despite his immense talent, Manet’s revolting traits saw his works constantly refused by the Salon. He responded by holding regular meetings with like-minded, talented painters and …
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Giorgio De Chirico was an Italian painter born on 10 July 1888 in Volos, Greece. De Chirico took an interest in art and Greek mythology as a child and received full support from his parents. He studied at the Higher School of Fine Arts in Athens for two years before moving to Munich, where he …
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Fernand Leger was a French painter born on 4 February 1881 in Argentan, France. When Fernand’s artistic talents began to manifest at a young age, his parents sent him to apprentice with an architect. He got formal training at the Academie Julian and the Ecole des Arts Decoratifs. Subsequently, Leger exhibited at the Salon des …
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Jacques-Louis David was a French painter born on 30 August 1748 in Paris, France. Despite the influence of successful family members who were architects, David chose to pursue an art career. He first received art instructions under Joseph-Marie Vien before enrolling at the Royal Academy of Painting and Sculpture in 1766. Coupling his determination with …
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Andy Warhol was an American painter born on 6 August 1928 in Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania. Andy suffered from a disease that kept him at home as a child. To pass the time, he played with paper cutouts and read comics. Warhol also took art classes at Carnegie Institute under Joseph Fitzpatrick. In 1945, Warhol enrolled at …
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David Hockney is a British painter born on 9 July 1937 in Bradford, England. Hockney began his art education at the Bradford School of Art in 1953, studying there for four years under Frank Lisle. He furthered his education at the Royal College of Art from 1959 to 1962. Hockney’s abilities shone at the college, …
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