The artwork “Descent from the Cross,” created by the esteemed artist Peter Paul Rubens between 1617 and 1618, is an oil painting on canvas characterized by its large dimensions of 297 x 200 cm. Belonging to the Baroque art movement, this religious painting portrays a significant biblical event and is presently housed in the Hermitage Museum, located in Saint Petersburg, Russia.
The artwork depicts a dramatic and powerful scene of Jesus Christ being lowered from the crucifix following his crucifixion. At the center, Christ’s lifeless body is delicately supported by several figures, showcasing Rubens’ mastery of human anatomy and expression. Above him, a bearded man on a ladder works carefully to extract the nails from Christ’s hands, while another figure in red assists by supporting Jesus’ upper body. Below Christ, a woman, likely Mary Magdalene, is depicted with her arms raised to receive him, an embodiment of both grace and sorrow. To her right, another woman, possibly the Virgin Mary, is presented in a state of mourning, her face awash with grief.
The naturalistic depiction of the human body and the use of chiaroscuro heighten the emotional intensity of the moment, creating a stark contrast between light and dark areas. The composition is dynamic, with diagonal lines and contrast adding to the feeling of movement and urgency. The artwork’s color palette is rich and deeply saturated, typical of the Baroque period, which Rubens utilized to stunning effect, guiding the viewer’s eye through the narrative of the scene. Each figure’s detailed expression and engagement with the central event contribute to the overall pathos and devotional purpose of this profound work of religious art.
