The artwork titled “Institution of the Eucharist” was created by Nicolas Poussin in 1640. This oil on canvas painting is a significant piece within the Classical art movement, which is known for its adherence to order, harmony, and clarity. Measuring 325 by 260 centimeters, the artwork is a religious painting that is currently housed at the Louvre in Paris, France.
In this grandiose and meticulously composed work, Poussin depicts the biblical scene of the Last Supper, where Jesus Christ is shown instituting the sacrament of the Eucharist. The central figure of Christ is dressed in a vibrant red and blue garment, which draws attention amid the more muted tones of the disciples’ attire. He is presented performing the consecration, holding a chalice of wine with his right hand and gesturing in blessing with his left. To the left of Christ, the apostles engage in discussion and reflection; their varied expressions and gestures suggest a range of emotional responses to the event unfolding before them.
The setting of the scene is marked by classical architecture, with fluted columns and a coffered ceiling that enhance the solemn atmosphere. Above Christ, a single light source—an oil lamp—casts a soft, divine light that appears to highlight Him as the source of spiritual illumination. Poussin’s use of chiaroscuro, contrasting deep shadows with areas of light, contributes to the dramatic impact and helps to create a sense of depth within the composition. The careful arrangement of figures reflects the artist’s fascination with order and balance, hallmarks of Classical art, while also serving to narrate the significant theological moment being depicted. Through the “Institution of the Eucharist,” Poussin achieves a harmonious blend of narrative, composition, and symbolism, making a profound statement on the sacred nature of the scene portrayed.
