The artwork titled “Stiffened” is an etching on paper by Francisco Goya, believed to have been created around 1790. It is affiliated with the Romanticism movement and classified within the genre of caricature. The composition of this etching presents a figure which is presumably meant to evoke humor or social commentary through exaggeration and distortion, key characteristics of the caricature genre. The Romanticism movement, which Goya belonged to, is known for its focus on emotion, individualism, and the awe of nature, which can at times be discerned through the emotional expressions and dramatic scenes present even in Goya’s caricatures.
Upon examining the artwork, one observes a central figure dominating the composition, seated in an upright position. The figure’s attire suggests a certain formality, adorned with what appears to be insignia on the garment. Facial expressions and posture engender a potent sense of character, which is a hallmark of Goya’s work in dramatizing his subjects. However, the figure’s exact context within the scene remains ambiguous, inviting varying interpretations of its satirical intent. The etching technique enabled Goya to achieve a rich variety of tones and textures, resulting in a dynamic interplay of light and shadow that amplifies the atmospheric depth of the artwork. The meticulous linework is indicative of his mastery in manipulating this medium to convey complex emotion and narrative.
