The artwork entitled “Studies of the Human Skull” is a creation of Leonardo da Vinci, dating back to 1489, during his time in Milan, Italy. It stands as a noteworthy sketch and study from the Early Renaissance period, crafted using chalk and ink on paper, with dimensions measuring 18.8 by 13.4 centimeters. This piece is emblematic of the scientific and artistic inquiry that flourished during this epoch and exemplifies da Vinci’s extraordinary attention to detail and anatomical precision.
The artwork reveals two distinct studies of the human skull, rendered with meticulous care. On the left, the viewer observes a profile view, depicting the skull bisected to reveal the cranial cavity. The drawing showcases da Vinci’s understanding of the skull’s structure, detailing the jawline, orbital cavities, and the intricate curvature of the cranial dome. The skull is sectioned along a sagittal plane, allowing an exploration into the compartments of the brain’s protective casing.
On the right, the artwork displays another profile view, presenting an intact skull. This illustration contrasts sharply with the other by offering an external perspective, focusing on the relationship between the skull and the jaw. Delicate shading and definitive lines highlight the robustness of the jawbone and the delicate fenestration of the nasal cavity.
Both studies feature annotations, likely written in da Vinci’s distinctive mirror writing, a testament to his habit of recording his observations and theoretical considerations directly alongside his visual work. These meticulous notes remain an integral part of the study, conveying the depth of his inquiry and the methodical approach to his subject. The craftsmanship seen here is a testimony to Leonardo da Vinci’s profound contribution to art and science, a true reflection of Renaissance humanism’s dedication to understanding the workings of nature and the human form.
