Salvador Dali’s artwork “Tu est Petrus… (Matthew 16:15f)” was created between 1964 and 1967, employing the medium of gouache. This piece is part of “The Biblia Sacra” series and it is characterized by Expressionism and Symbolism, classified within the genre of religious painting. The subject matter draws from a significant religious text, alluding to a foundational Christian narrative.
The artwork depicts a figure from the back, appearing to stand upon a rocky outcrop. This solitary figure is enveloped in a flowing robe that suggests movement and dynamism, with tones of brown and sepia creating a sense of depth and texture. The figure holds keys in the left hand, which is a symbolic attribute often associated with Saint Peter, based on the biblical verse referred to in the title “Tu est Petrus…” (You are Peter), indicative of his role as the keeper of the gates to heaven according to the Christian faith.
In the background, there is a sketchy, linear depiction of what appears to be Saint Peter’s Basilica, a significant landmark of the Vatican and a symbol of the Catholic Church. The basilica is rendered with swift, definite strokes, suggesting its imposing and iconic architecture. Despite the relative simplicity of the scene, the use of light and shadow, combined with the fluidity of the brushwork, conveys a profound spiritual narrative that reflects Dali’s unique interpretation of the biblical text.
The composition as a whole marries the traditional religious iconography with Dali’s distinct style, wherein the expressiveness and symbolism are central. The hues and the loose, confident execution reflect the Expressionist influence, while the layered symbolism aligns with the Symbolist movement. The ethereal and evocative quality of this artwork is typical of Dali’s work during that period, where he engaged deeply with religious and spiritual themes.
